Neutron Stars and Black Holes

1. Why is the term "neutron star" used to describe the collapsed core of a star that explodes as a supernova?
2. Describe the neutronization process (also called electron capture) that occurs as a neutron star is forming.
3. What is the size and density of a typical neutron star? What is meant by the phrase "nuclear density"?
4. Why do neutron stars have such strong magentic fields and rotate so rapidly?
5. What is an X-ray burster and how is it similar to a nova?
6. Describe the discovery of pulsars and why the LGM ("little green men") hypothesis was rejected.
7. What is the lighthouse model of pulsars?
8. Why aren't all neutron stars observable as pulsars as seen from Earth?
9. What are magnetars?
10. What is the definition of a black hole? What is meant by the event horizon?
11. What three quantities determine everything about a black hole?
12. Why is Cygnus X-1 the best black hole candidate? How were the other explanations ruled out?