Cosmology

1. We often say loosely that the Universe is expanding and thus getting larger. How can this have meaning if (as is possible) the Universe is of infinite extent, since doubling infinity still leaves us with infinity?

2. Gravity is the weakest force, yet it completely determines the structure of the Universe on large scales. Why?

3. The distant galaxies all appear to be flying away from the Milky Way, implying that we are the center of the Hubble expansion. So if I view from another distant galaxy, won't some distant galaxies be blueshifted since that galaxy will not be at the center?

4. There is evidence that the Small Magellanic Cloud passed through the Milky Way at some time in the recent past. Doesn't this contradict the Hubble Law, since if all galaxies are receding from us none of them could collide with us?

5. The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory observes in some gamma-ray bursts (which typically last some number of seconds) a "flickering" in the intensity on a millisecond timescale (1/1000 of a second). What does this millisecond flickering tell us about the maximum extent of the energy source for the burst?

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