Interactions and Evolution

The figure shown below is a Hubble Space Telescope image of a cluster of galaxies approximately 8 billion light years away (one of the most distant galaxy clusters known) in which there is evidence for a very large amount of current and recent interaction between galaxies.

Among the hundreds of galaxies in the image, thirteen have been identified as presently undergoing or recently participating in collisions (see the blowups in the right panels of the image). For example, in the blowups we see clearly galaxies with double nuclei that are in various stages of merger.