Solar Systems

Our prejudice, based on our own experience, is that the evolution of life requires a narrow range of conditions realized in a system of planets and/or moons around a long-lived star. As we discussed in Chapter 5, we now have rapidly growing evidence for planets and protoplanetary disks around other stars. The adjacent right figure and the table below summarize some of the candidates for extrasolar planets.

The extrasolar planets found so far around normal stars do not appear to be Earth-like in either size or distance from their star. However, the fact that they exist makes us confident that our Solar System is not an aberration and that the formation of planetary sytems must be a common thing. If the formation of planetary systems is common, we may expect that in some cases Earth-like planets form. Given the evidence in our own case that life evolved within a billion years on this Earth-like planet, this gives us considerable confidence that those conditions may be replicated in many other places.

Some Candidates for Extrasolar Planets
Star Spectral Class Star Dist (ly) Dist (AU) Mass Period (days) Ecc
51 Peg G2 45 0.05 0.5 - 1 MJ 4.23 0.09
PSR 1257+12 6.2 ms pulsar 1630 0.19 0.015 ME 25.34 0.00
PSR 1257+12 6.2 ms pulsar 1630 0.36 3.4 ME 66.54 0.0182
PSR 1257+12 6.2 ms pulsar 1630 0.47 2.8 ME 98.22 0.0264
Rho 1 Cnc G8 253 0.11 0.84 MJ 14.65 0.05
Rho CrB G0V 50 0.23 1.13 MJ 39.6 0.028
Tau Boo F7V 180 0.046 3.87 3.31 0.00
Upsilon And F8V 187 0.057 0.68 MJ 4.611 0.00
47 Uma G0V 47 2.1 > 2.39 MJ or <4.8 MJ 1088 0.03
70 Vir G4V 80 0.43 6.6 - 9 MJ 116.6 0.40
Adapted from: G. H. Bell (http://www.public.asu.edu/~sciref/exoplnt.htm)